What does "discovery" mean in legal terms?

The term "discovery" in legal context refers specifically to a pre-trial procedure where parties involved in a legal dispute exchange information and gather evidence. This process allows each side to understand the evidence and arguments that the opposing party may present at trial, promoting transparency and enabling both sides to prepare more effectively for litigation.

During discovery, various methods are employed, such as depositions, interrogatories, and requests for documents. These tools help in uncovering facts and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of each party's case before reaching the courtroom.

Understanding discovery is crucial as it sets the stage for a fair trial by ensuring that all relevant information is accessible to both parties. This prevents surprises during the trial and helps streamline the legal process by encouraging settlement discussions that might lead to resolution before trial.